Protecting the Computer

Treat your password like your toothbrush. Don't let anybody else use it, and get a new one every six months. Clifford Stoll

I think computer viruses should count as life. I think it says something about human nature that the only form of life we have created so far is purely destructive. We've created life in our own image. Stephen Hawking

Anti-virus
Install an antivirus and keep it updated. Run regular scans and allow it to check incoming messages. Use only one antivirus program. Using more can cause your system to run slow as well as detect each other as a virus.

Anti-spyware
Keep this updated and scan at least weekly. Having more than one anti-spyware programs will prove beneficial. Frequently what one misses the other may detect. Some programs claiming to find spyware may actually be stealing your information. Do your research to see which anti-sypware software is reliable.

Firewall
A firewall “acts as a barrier between your home and network and the Internet.” It is similar to actual walls built around a fire for protection. This wall must be penetrated to pose a threat. What is allowed to enter the computer is determined by the firewall established. A software firewall and a hardware firewall should be used. Check settings to make sure the firewall on the router is enabled. As with an antivirus program do not mix firewalls.

Rootkits
Rootkits are among the hardest malware to eliminate. It is malware that attempt to hide from spyware blockers, antivirus, and system management utilities. They are embedded within files.

Wireless
Although there is no quick fix or one size fits all for securing a wireless network, there are steps that can be taken to protect. Check to make sure the encryption function is turned on. Many manufactures set the default to disabled. The identifier on the router is easy to recognize. Change the router identifier to something unique and only known by you. Change the default password on the wireless router before accessing the internet. Many do not realize the remote management is turned on. Turn this option off as it allows anyone to access the network. Also, one of the most basic protections is to turn off the server set ID (SSID). “The SSID sends out a signal to any listening wireless device in the vicinity, announcing its presence.” This is not information that needs to be broadcasted.

Passwords
Use strong passwords. Do not use names, dates, or the word password. A strong password will include a combination of upper and lower case letter, numbers, and symbols. The longer the password, the more difficult it is for hackers. Change your password periodically. Do not use the same password on every account. If one account is compromised, then all are. If remembering passwords is difficult, create a master password and vary it depending on the site being accessed. For example, if 62Cal_8 were the master password, then if the account was electric company it could be elc62Cal_8. Strong passwords have less opportunity for being compromised. Also, do not auto complete passwords.

Browser
Internet Explore is the most widely used browser and the most targeted by hackers. Try using a different browser such as Firefox. Deactivate ActiveX Controls which automatically allows the browser to run software components.

Privacy

• Erase the browser history periodically. When surfing on a shared computer, erase the history after use.
• Do not choose to save passwords. This is especially important if using a shared or public computer as well as logging out of sites.
• Have a second email address to use for businesses. Save your personal address for family and friends.
  
  
  
  
  Spam
  Never open an email if you are uncertain of its origin. Never reply to a spam email. This sends notification to the initiator of the spam and your email address is forever on their mailing list. Use email with a spam filter.